Tri-allelic patterns of STRs and partially homologous non-sister chromatid crossover observed in a parentage test

A maternity testing case is reported, in which the child showed tri-allelic patterns in two short tandem repeat (STR) loci. The genotypes of Penta D of the mother and the child were 9,13 and 9,10,13, respectively. Those of D21S11 were 32.2,35 and 29,35, respectively, but intensity ratio of alleles 29 and 35 of the child was 1:2. These results suggested the copy number variations (CNVs) or trisomy of chromosome 21. By further examination using STR-based chromosome aneuploidy detection kit, three alleles were detected in D21S1411, LFG21 and Penta D, and 2 alleles with intensity ratio of 1:2 were observed in D21S2502, D21S1435, D21S11 and D21S1246. Karyotype and whole-genome SNP array analyses showed that the child had a free trisomy 21. In addition, partially homologous non-sister chromatid crossover occurred at the region 19181770-39499178 on the long arm of chromosome 21.     

弱视患儿3D训练远近距离立体视恢复的疗效评价

目的： 评价使用立体3D技术作为一种视觉功能训练方法对弱视患儿的治疗效果。

方法： 纳入30名儿童,年龄4～16y, 其中18例是屈光不正性弱视(ametropic amblyopia,AMA),12例是屈光参差性弱视(anisometropic amblyopia,ANA)。双眼使用立体3D技术进行视觉功能训练,每次训练时间1h,每例患者训练约33次(平均： 32±8)。在每次训练前后检查患者每眼的最佳矫正视力,使用同视机检查融合范围和远距离立体视,并使用颜氏随机点立体视图谱检查近距离立体视。

结果：在训练治疗后,所有弱视患儿最佳矫正视力较训练前均有显著提高,训练后融合范围较训练前显著扩大,尤其在屈光参差弱视患儿中融合范围扩大和立体视觉的恢复较屈光不正弱视患者组更明显。训练后近距离立体视觉的恢复程度要优于远距离立体视觉。

结论：立体3D视觉训练系统可以有效地恢复弱视儿童双眼立体视功能。     

Characterisation and toxicological assessment of Neutral Methacrylate Copolymer for GRAS evaluation

Neutral Methacrylate Copolymer is a fully polymerised copolymer used in the pharmaceutical industry to permit pH-independent delayed release of active ingredients from oral dosage forms. This function has potential use with food supplements and this article describes available information on the safety of the substance.Oral administration of radiolabelled copolymer to rats resulted in the detection of chemically unchanged copolymer in the faeces, with negligible absorption. Safety studies revealed no adverse toxicity following repeated administration at doses of up to 2000 mg/kg bw/d in a sub-chronic study in rats or 250 mg/kg bw/d in a sub-chronic study in dogs. No reproductive toxicity occurred at up to 2000 mg/kg bw/d in rats or rabbits. The substance shows no evidence of genotoxicity, has low acute toxicity and no irritation or sensitisation potential.An ADI value of 20 mg/kg bw was concluded from two alternative approaches. Daily exposure from use in dietary supplements is estimated as up to 10.0 mg/kg bw in adults and 13.3 mg/kg bw in children. There would therefore appear to be no safety concerns under the intended conditions of use. The information provided is intended to support an evaluation that the substance may be “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS).     

促渗剂对司来吉兰贴片透皮性能的影响

目的:考察不同质量分数的氮酮、油酸和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯3种促渗剂对司来吉兰贴片经离体豚鼠皮渗透性的影响。方法:采用Franz扩散池进行体外经皮渗透试验,利用高效液相色谱法为浓度测定方法,以不含促渗剂的司来吉兰贴片为对照计算氮酮、油酸和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯的增渗比及表观扩散系数比较促渗剂渗透效果。结果:与对照组比较,质量分数为3%的3种促渗剂增渗倍数分别为1.53、1.37和1.26,表观扩散系数分别增至2.37、1.65、1.13倍。结论:3种促渗剂均可提高司来吉兰贴片的透皮性能,其中以3%氮酮的促渗效果较好。     

凝胶色谱法测定注射用美洛西林钠舒巴坦钠中聚合物

目的建立一种利用葡聚糖凝胶柱分离测定注射用美洛西林钠舒巴坦钠中美洛西林钠聚合物的方法。方法Sephadex G-10色谱柱,流动相A为0.05 mol·L-1磷酸盐缓冲液（pH 7.0）,流动相B为超纯水,流速为1.0 ml·min-1,检测波长为254 nm,进样量200μl。结果美洛西林对照品在20.2l～60.6μg·ml-1范围内与其峰面积成良好线性关系,r=0.9992。结论本方法简便、准确、重复性好,适用于注射用美洛西林钠舒巴坦钠聚合物的定量检测。     

Ambient ionization coupled with a miniature mass spectrometer for rapid identification of unauthorized adulterants in food

Considerably simplified workflows based on a miniature mass spectrometer combined with versatile ambient ionization methods were developed for rapid, on-site identification of illicit adulterants in select food (medicinal liquor, chili powder, hotpot seasoning and watermelon). The labor- and time-intensive procedures of sample pretreatment and chromatographic separation, traditionally required for mass spectrometry analysis, have been bypassed using capillary nano-electrospray ionization, paper spray ionization, or syringe spray ionization. A miniature ion trap mass spectrometer with a continuous atmospheric pressure interface and tandem mass spectrometry capability was employed for the analysis of adulterated additives. Key experimental parameters were carefully optimized in order to achieve the optimal performance of the integrated system. Maintaining the ease of analytical protocol, limits of detection as low as 30–40 μg/L for sex stimulants in medicinal liquor, 20–50 μg/kg for illegal dyes in chili powder and hotpot seasoning, and 15 μg/kg for plant growth regulator in watermelon were obtained. The capability of conducting quantitative analysis with an isotopic internal standard was demonstrated. The developed methodologies coupling ambient ionization and miniature mass spectrometry represent promising potential for fast and in situ screening of food adulteration.     

酸性氧化电位水在野战方舱医院感染控制中的应用

目的研究并分析酸性氧化电位水在方舱医院感染控制中的应用效果。方法在方舱医院分别用酸性氧化电位水与各类常用清洁消毒制剂进行手卫生、环境物体表面消毒和医疗器械清洗,采用ATP生物荧光检测仪检测并评价清洗、消毒效果。结果使用流动水及皂液和酸性氧化电位水洗手的合格率分别为100.00%、98.75%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。使用酸性氧化电位水、含氯消毒剂、复合双链季铵盐消毒湿巾对环境物体表面进行消毒,合格率分别为87.10%、90.32%、90.32%,3种方法的合格率比较差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。使用酸性氧化电位水和常规器械清洗方法对器械进行清洗,清洗后合格率均为100%。器械样本相对光单位(RLU)的均值、标准差、均值的标准误酸性氧化电位水清洗后均为0,常规程序清洗后分别为9.70、8.91、1.63,两种方法清洗后RLU比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.97,P=0.000)。结论与其他常用消毒剂相比,酸性氧化电位水在洗手、物体表面消毒和器械清洗效果方面均能达到预期目的。鉴于其现场制取,使用方便,在方舱医院医院感染控制中显现出较强的有效性、兼容性及优越性。